Taxonomic GroupNameYearInvasion StatusPopulation StatusVectors
Arthropoda-InsectsAgasicles hygrophila*1964DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-BarnaclesAmphibalanus amphitrite1955DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-BarnaclesAmphibalanus reticulatus2002DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Arthropoda-InsectsAmynothrips andersoni*1967DefiniteEstablishedNone
NematodesAnguillicola crassus*1995DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
Arthropoda-InsectsAnisolabis maritima1853DefiniteEstablishedCargo, Dry Ballast
AlgaeAntithamnion hubbsii*2003DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
BryozoansArbopercula bengalensis2001DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Arthropoda-InsectsArcola malloi*1971DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-BarnaclesBalanus trigonus1963DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
Cnidarians-HydrozoansBlackfordia virginica1978DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
Annelids-PolychaetesBoccardiella ligerica1999DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Arthropoda-InsectsBrachydeutera longipes*1983DefiniteEstablishedNone
Annelids-OligochaetesBranchiura sowerbyi*1999DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-AmphipodsCaprella scaura2001DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Cnidarians-AnthozoansCarijoa riisei1980DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
AlgaeCaulerpa brachypus2001DefiniteEstablishedNone
BryozoansCelleporaria pilaefera2002DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-CrabsCharybdis hellerii1986DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Natural Dispersal
FishesCichlasoma bimaculatum*1992DefiniteEstablishedNone
FishesClarias batrachus*1979DefiniteEstablishedNone
AlgaeCodium fragile ssp. Fragile1979DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Discarded Bait, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
AlgaeCodium simulans*2014DefiniteEstablishedNone
Mollusks-BivalvesCorbicula fluminea1968DefiniteEstablishedNone
Cnidarians-HydrozoansCordylophora caspia1926DefiniteEstablishedAquatic Plant Shipments, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Hull Fouling
Cnidarians-HydrozoansCraspedacusta sowerbii1974DefiniteEstablishedNone
Arthropoda-InsectsCrocothemis servilia*2009DefiniteEstablishedNone
Mollusks-GastropodsCuthona perca1985DefiniteEstablishedNone
AlgaeCylindrospermopsis raciborskii*2000DefiniteEstablishedNone
FishesCyprinus carpio1923DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-CladoceransDaphnia lumholtzi2003DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-MysidsDeltamysis holmquistae2014DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Cnidarians-AnthozoansDiadumene lineata1929DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesDidemnum perlucidum2005DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesDidemnum psammatodes2008DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesDiplosoma aff. spongiforme2004DefiniteEstablishedNone
FishesDorosoma petenense1953DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Intentional
NemerteansEmplectonema 'gracile'*2007DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Mollusks-GastropodsEualetes tulipa1997DefiniteEstablishedNone
Annelids-PolychaetesFicopomatus enigmaticus2006DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesFicopomatus uschakovi2002DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
AlgaeGracilaria vermiculophylla2000DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Hull Fouling
PlatyhelminthesGyrodactylus anguillae*1978DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
ProtozoansHaplosporidium nelsoni*1960DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal, Oyster Accidental
Cnidarians-AnthozoansHedera caerulescens*2013DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
FishesHemichromis letourneuxi*2009DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-CrabsHemigrapsus sanguineus1995DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
FishesHerichthys cyanoguttatus*1982DefiniteEstablishedNone
BryozoansHippoporina indica2001DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Arthropoda-InsectsHolcocranum saturejae*1994DefiniteEstablishedNone
FishesHoplosternum littorale*1995DefiniteEstablishedNone
Arthropoda-InsectsHydrellia pakistanae*1995DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-IsopodsIais floridana1995DefiniteEstablishedNone
FishesIctalurus furcatus1971DefiniteEstablishedNone
FishesIctalurus punctatus1891DefiniteEstablishedNone
ProtozoansLagenophrys cochinensis*1971DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-AmphipodsLaticorophium baconi2002DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
FishesLepomis microlophus1973DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-CopepodsLernaea cyprinacea1978DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-IsopodsLigia exotica1878DefiniteEstablishedCargo, Dry Ballast
AlgaeLomentaria orcadensis*1920DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-BarnaclesLoxothylacus panopaei1974DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
FishesLucania goodei1945DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-ShrimpMacrobrachium nipponense*2014DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Pet Release
Crustaceans-ShrimpMacrobrachium olfersii1928DefiniteEstablishedAquatic Plant Shipments, Ballast Water
Cnidarians-HydrozoansMaeotias marginata1972DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
FishesMayaheros urophthalmus*2006DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-BarnaclesMegabalanus coccopoma2006DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
Arthropoda-InsectsMegamelus scutellaris*2013DefiniteEstablishedNone
Mollusks-GastropodsMelanoides tuberculata1975DefiniteEstablishedNone
Mollusks-GastropodsMelanoides turricula2009DefiniteEstablishedNone
AlgaeMelanothamnus japonicus*2015DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Cnidarians-HydrozoansMoerisia lyonsi1973DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
FishesMorone chrysops*1980DefiniteEstablishedNone
Mollusks-GastropodsMyosotella myosotis1913DefiniteEstablishedCargo, Dry Ballast
Annelids-PolychaetesMyrianida pachycera1997DefiniteEstablishedNone
Mollusks-BivalvesMytella strigata1986DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Arthropoda-InsectsNacerdes melanura*1870DefiniteEstablishedNone
Mollusks-GastropodsNaria turdus2023DefiniteEstablishedNone
Arthropoda-InsectsNeochetina bruchi*1974DefiniteEstablishedNone
Arthropoda-InsectsNeochetina eichhorniae*1972DefiniteEstablishedNone
Annelids-PolychaetesNeodexiospira brasiliensis1974DefiniteEstablishedNone
Arthropoda-InsectsNeohydronomus affinis*1987DefiniteEstablishedNone
Arthropoda-InsectsNiphograpta albiguttalis*1980DefiniteEstablishedNone
FishesOreochromis aureus*1982DefiniteEstablishedNone
FishesOreochromis mossambicus1970DefiniteEstablishedNone
FishesOreochromis niloticus*2006DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-IsopodsParadella dianae1965DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
FishesPelmatotilapia mariae*1976DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-ShrimpPenaeus monodon2006DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
Mollusks-BivalvesPerna viridis2003DefiniteEstablishedDiscarded Bait, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
Crustaceans-CrabsPetrolisthes armatus1991DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Natural Dispersal, Oyster Accidental
AlgaePhycocalidia suborbiculata*1947DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Cnidarians-ScyphozoansPhyllorhiza punctata2006DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
TunicatesPolyandrocarpa zorritensis2014DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Mollusks-GastropodsPomacea maculata2007DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-CrayfishProcambarus clarkii1997DefiniteEstablishedNone
Arthropoda-InsectsProcanace dianneae*1988DefiniteEstablishedCargo, Hull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesProtula balboensis2001DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
PlatyhelminthesPseudodactylogyrus anguillae*1999DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
PlatyhelminthesPseudodactylogyrus bini*1999DefiniteEstablishedNone
Annelids-PolychaetesPseudopolydora achaeta*2017DefiniteEstablishedNone
Annelids-PolychaetesPseudopolydora paucibranchiata2019DefiniteEstablishedNone
FishesPterois miles*2004DefiniteEstablishedPet Release
FishesPterois volitans2000DefiniteEstablishedNatural Dispersal, Pet Release
FishesPterygoplichthys anisitsi*2007DefiniteEstablishedNone
FishesPterygoplichthys multiradiatus*2008DefiniteEstablishedNone
FishesPylodictis olivaris1966DefiniteEstablishedNone
Mollusks-GastropodsPyrgophorus parvulus2015DefiniteEstablishedNone
Mollusks-BivalvesRangia cuneata1955DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Canal, Oyster Accidental
FishesSarotherodon melanotheron*1980DefiniteEstablishedNone
BryozoansSinoflustra annae2002DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-IsopodsSphaeroma terebrans1881DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-IsopodsSphaeroma walkeri1943DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsStenothoe gallensis species complex1957DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
AlgaeStriaria attenuata*1991DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
TunicatesStyela canopus1872DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesStyela plicata1880DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-IsopodsSynidotea laticauda1998DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Arthropoda-InsectsTelmatogeton japonicus*NoneDefiniteEstablishedCargo, Hull Fouling
Mollusks-BivalvesTeredo navalis1893DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Cnidarians-HydrozoansTurritopsis dohrnii2006DefiniteEstablishedNone
AlgaeUlva ohnoi2013DefiniteEstablishedNone
BryozoansVictorella pavida1973DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
* = Species summary still under review.