Taxonomic GroupNameYearInvasion StatusPopulation StatusVectors
TunicatesBotrylloides violaceus2013DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesBotryllus schlosseri1994DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
BryozoansBugula neritina2013DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsCaprella mutica2013DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-CrabsCarcinus maenas1995DefiniteEstablishedDiscarded Bait, Dry Ballast, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
AlgaeCodium fragile ssp. Fragile1976DefiniteEstablishedDiscarded Bait, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal, Oyster Accidental
Mollusks-BivalvesCyrenoida floridana2000DefiniteEstablishedDry Ballast, Unknown Vector
TunicatesEcteinascidia turbinata1996DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
AlgaeGracilaria vermiculophylla2006DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
ProtozoansHaplosporidium nelsoni*1958DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Natural Dispersal, Oyster Accidental
Crustaceans-CrabsHemigrapsus sanguineus1999DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
Arthropoda-InsectsHolcocranum saturejae*1955DefiniteEstablishedCargo, Dry Ballast, Packing Material
Arthropoda-InsectsHolocranum saturejae*1955DefiniteEstablishedCargo
Mollusks-GastropodsLittorina littorea1971DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
Crustaceans-BarnaclesLoxothylacus panopaei1986DefiniteEstablishedOyster Accidental
Mollusks-GastropodsMyosotella myosotis1972DefiniteEstablishedDry Ballast
Crustaceans-CrayfishProcambarus clarkii2006DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
Mollusks-GastropodsStramonita canaliculata1955DefiniteEstablishedDry Ballast, Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
AlgaeStriaria attenuata*1970DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesStyela clava1994DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesStyela plicata1999DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Mollusks-BivalvesTeredo navalis1952DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
* = Species summary still under review.