Taxonomic GroupNameYearInvasion StatusPopulation StatusVectors
FishesAcanthogobius flavimanus1988DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Discarded Bait, Natural Dispersal
BryozoansAmathia dichotoma*2013DefiniteEstablishedNone
BryozoansAmathia verticillata1905DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-BarnaclesAmphibalanus amphitrite1927DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-BarnaclesAmphibalanus improvisus2013DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-AmphipodsAmpithoe valida2001DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Discarded Bait, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsAoroides secunda2000DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Mollusks-BivalvesArcuatula senhousia1976DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
TunicatesAscidia cf. virginea*2020DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesAscidia zara1995DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesAscidiella aspersa2021DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-OstracodsAspidoconcha limnoriae1953DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Cnidarians-ScyphozoansAurelia coerulea2000DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
TunicatesBotrylloides diegensis1917DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesBotrylloides giganteus1997DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesBotrylloides violaceus1994DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesBotryllus schlosseri1965DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesBranchiomma bairdi2000DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
BryozoansBugula neritina1946DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
BryozoansBugulina cf. foliolata2000DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
BryozoansBugulina stolonifera2000DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Cnidarians-AnthozoansBunodeopsis sp. A1998DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Cnidarians-HydrozoansCalyptospadix cerulea1941DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsCaprella mutica2001DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsCaprella scaura2001DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsCaprella simiaNoneDefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
NemerteansCephalothrix cf. simula*2010DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
TunicatesCiona robusta1897DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesCiona savignyi1994DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
BryozoansCryptosula pallasiana2000DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Cnidarians-AnthozoansDiadumene lineata1996DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesDiplocirrus SD11998DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
TunicatesDiplosoma listerianum1899DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Cnidarians-HydrozoansEctopleura crocea1876DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
AlgaeGracilaria vermiculophylla2016DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsGrandidierella japonica1998DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Mollusks-GastropodsHaloa japonica2013DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
BryozoansHippopodina iririkiensis*2013DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-IsopodsIais californica1973DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsIncisocalliope derzhaviniNoneDefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsJassa marmorata1990DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Discarded Bait, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsLeucothoe nagatai2011DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-IsopodsLimnoria tripunctata1876DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
ProtozoansLobochona prorates*1963DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
AlgaeLomentaria hakodatensis*2000DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Mollusks-BivalvesLyrodus pedicellatus1876DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Mollusks-BivalvesMagallana gigas2013DefiniteEstablishedOyster Accidental
Annelids-PolychaetesMegasyllis nipponica1998DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
TunicatesMicrocosmus squamiger1994DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesMolgula ficus1994DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesMolgula manhattensis2019DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-AmphipodsMonocorophium acherusicum1950DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesMyrianida convoluta2013DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesMyrianida pachycera2000DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesMyrianida pentadentata2001DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Mollusks-BivalvesMytilus galloprovincialis1987DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesNeodexiospira brasiliensis2011DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-IsopodsNiambia capensis1975DefiniteEstablishedCargo, Dry Ballast
Annelids-PolychaetesNicolea sp. A. Harris2000DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-CopepodsOithona davisae2000DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
AlgaePachymeniopsis lanceolata*2008DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-ShrimpPalaemon macrodactylus2011DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Discarded Bait, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
Crustaceans-AmphipodsParadexamine sp. SD11998DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-IsopodsParanthura japonica2000DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesParasabella fullo2011DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesPerophora japonica2011DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Mollusks-GastropodsPhiline auriformis1995DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Natural Dispersal
Cnidarians-ScyphozoansPhyllorhiza punctata1990DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
FishesPoecilia latipinna1989DefiniteEstablishedPet Release
TunicatesPolyandrocarpa zorritensis1994DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesPolydora cornuta1994DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesPolydora hoplura2004DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-CopepodsPseudodiaptomus marinus1987DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Annelids-PolychaetesPseudopolydora paucibranchiata1952DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-OstracodsRedekea californica1953DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
AlgaeSargassum horneri2006DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
AlgaeSargassum muticum1969DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
Crustaceans-TanaidsSinelobus cf. stanfordi2000DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-IsopodsSphaeroma quoianum1927DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-IsopodsSphaeroma walkeri1973DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesStreblospio benedicti1994DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
TunicatesStyela canopus1972DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesStyela clava1972DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesStyela plicata1915DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesSymplegma reptans1995DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Mollusks-BivalvesTheora lubrica1998DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
ProtozoansTrochammina hadai*1998DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Unknown Vector
Annelids-OligochaetesTubificoides brownae*1994DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Dry Ballast, Hull Fouling
AlgaeUndaria pinnatifida2004DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
BryozoansWatersipora arcuata1967DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
BryozoansWatersipora subatra*2000DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
BryozoansWatersipora subtorquata1997DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
* = Species summary still under review.