Taxonomic GroupNameYearInvasion StatusPopulation StatusVectors
Cnidarians-AnthozoansAiptasia sp.2003DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Pet Release, Unknown Vector
BryozoansAmathia distans2007DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-BarnaclesAmphibalanus eburneus1967DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
AlgaeAntithamnionella graeffei*1997DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
BryozoansBugula neritina2009DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-BarnaclesChthamalus proteus2007DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesDidemnum perlucidum2002DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesDiplosoma listerianum1954DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Cnidarians-HydrozoansEudendrium carneum1997DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Cnidarians-HydrozoansEudendrium carneum2007DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Cnidarians-AnthozoansExaiptasia pallida1955DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
FishesGambusia affinis1948DefiniteEstablishedBiocontrol
AlgaeHypnea musciformis*NoneDefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
TunicatesLissoclinum fragile1955DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
FishesOreochromis mossambicus1989DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Intentional
Crustaceans-IsopodsParadella dianae1967DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
SpongesTedania cf. ignis*1949DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Mollusks-GastropodsTrochus niloticus1931DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Intentional
BryozoansWatersipora subtorquata2010DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
* = Species summary still under review.