Invasion
Invasion Description
1st Record: Queen Anne’s Battery Marina, Plymouth/England/Plymouth Sound (English Channel) (1999, Nishikawa et al. 2000; MarLin 2000)
Geographic Extent
Queen Anne’s Battery Marina, Plymouth/England/Plymouth Sound (English Channel) (1999, Nishikawa et al. 2000; MarLin 2000); Cornwall/England/Helforn Estuary, English Channel (Gall 2012, Bishop et al. 2015); Ireland/Lough Swilly (2021, Carlingford Marina/Northern Ireland/Carlingford Lough/Irish Sea (2012, Nunn and Minchin 2014; 2021, O'Shaughnessy et al. 2023); Ireland/Killary Fjord (2013, Palanisamy et al. 2018); Ireland/Clew Bay (1/8/2015, Minchin and Nunn 2016, 53º47.59?N, 09º35.75?W); Ireland/MulRoy Bay (8/22/2013, Minchin et al. 2016, 55º11.30?N, 07º05.90?W)
Vectors
| Level | Vector |
|---|---|
| Alternate | Hull Fouling |
| Alternate | Oyster Accidental |
Regional Impacts
| Economic Impact | Fisheries | |
| Fouling of cultured mussels by a variety of non-native tunicates was reported beginning in 2013, and was a serious problem by 2016 (Palanisamy et al. 2018). | ||