Invasion
Invasion Description
1st record: Bulgaria/Black Sea (11967, Gomiou et al. 2002); Probably not a self-sustaining population (Zaitsev and Ozturk 2001)
Geographic Extent
Bulgaria/Black Sea (Gomiou et al. 2002); Ukraine/Kerch Strait (1975, Zaitsev and Ozturk 2001); Mangalia/Romania (1998, 1999, Petrescu et al. 1998, 2 specimens, increasing number of ovigerous specimens, Spiridinov and Zalota 2017); Romania & Bulgaria/Black Sea (Banicla et al. 2022)
Vectors
Level | Vector |
---|---|
Alternate | Ballast Water |
Alternate | Natural Dispersal |