Description
Taxonomy
| Kingdom | Phylum | Class | Order | Family | Genus |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plantae | Magnoliophyta | Magnoliopsida | Caryophyllales | Chenopodiaceae | Cycloloma |
Synonyms
Invasion History
Chesapeake Bay Status
| First Record | Population | Range | Introduction | Residency | Source Region | Native Region | Vectors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1976 | Established | Expanding | Introduced | Boundary Resident | North America | North America | Agriculture(Agricultural Weed) |
History of Spread
Cycloloma atriplicifolium (Winged Pigweed), a plant of disturbed sandy soils, is native to the Midwest US. Its presumed native range is IN to Manitoba, south to IL, AR, TX, and NM (Fernald 1950). However, it has been spottily introduced to both the East and West Coasts, from Quebec to SC, and to CA, probably by a variety of means including transport with agricultural products, and transport of seeds by roads and highways (Fernald 1950; Godfrey and Wooten 1981; Robinson and Fernald 1908; Natural Resources Conservation Service 2001).
The first record of C. atriplicifolium from the Chesapeake Bay region was from a 'protected pioneer beach', on Fisherman's Island VA near the Chesapeake Bay Bridge/Tunnel. This suggests highways as a possible route of introduction. This plant was found on the edge of a tidal marsh along the lower bay by Ware (1995). Possibly, this is the record plotted by Harvill et al. (1992) for Suffolk County VA.
References- Fernald 1950; Godfrey and Wooten 1981; Harvill et al. 1992; Robinson and Fernald 1908; Natural Resources Conservation Service 2001; Ware 1996
Invasion Comments
Ecology
Environmental Tolerances
| For Survival | For Reproduction | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Minimum | Maximum | Minimum | Maximum | |
| Temperature (ºC) | ||||
| Salinity (‰) | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Oxygen | ||||
| pH | ||||
| Salinity Range | fresh-poly |
Age and Growth
| Male | Female | |
|---|---|---|
| Minimum Adult Size (mm) | ||
| Typical Adult Size (mm) | ||
| Maximum Adult Size (mm) | ||
| Maximum Longevity (yrs) | ||
| Typical Longevity (yrs |
Reproduction
| Start | Peak | End | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reproductive Season | |||
| Typical Number of Young Per Reproductive Event |
|||
| Sexuality Mode(s) | |||
| Mode(s) of Asexual Reproduction |
|||
| Fertilization Type(s) | |||
| More than One Reproduction Event per Year |
|||
| Reproductive Startegy | |||
| Egg/Seed Form |
Impacts
Economic Impacts in Chesapeake Bay
Cycloloma atriplicifolium (Winged Pigweed) is apparently very rare in the Chesapeake Bay region, and has no reported economic impacts.
Economic Impacts Outside of Chesapeake Bay
Cycloloma atriplicifolium (Winged Pigweed) is apparently has few economic impacts in the United States. However, it is included in a book on US weeds, with information on its control (Muenscher 1980).
References- Muenscher 1980
Ecological Impacts on Chesapeake Native Species
Cycloloma atriplicifolium (Winged Pigweed) is apparently very rare in the Chesapeake Bay region, and has no reported impacts on native biota.
Ecological Impacts on Other Chesapeake Non-Native Species
Cycloloma atriplicifolium (Winged Pigweed) is apparently very rare in the Chesapeake Bay region, and has no reported impacts on exotic biota.
References
Boule, Marc E. (1976) The vegetation of Fisherman Island, Virginia, Castanea 44: 198-1082023-204 The Calflora Database. http://dlp.cs.berkeley.edu/calflora/
Clemants, Steven E. (1992) Chenopodiaceae and Amaranthaceae of New York State, New York State Museum Bulletin 485: 1- 26
Dowhan, Joseph J.; Rozsa, Ron (1989) Flora of Fire Island, Suffolk County, New York, Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 116: 265-282
Fernald, Merritt L. (1950) Gray's Manual of Botany, In: (Eds.) . , New York. Pp.
Gleason, Henry A. (1963) The new Britton and Brown illustrated flora of the northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, In: (Eds.) . , New York. Pp.
Gleason, Henry A.; Cronquist, Arthur (1991) Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, In: (Eds.) . , Bronx, New York. Pp.
Godfrey, R. K.; Wooten, Jean W. (1981) Aquatic and Wetland Plants of the Southeastern United States: Dicotyledones, , Athens. Pp.
Harvill, A. M.; Bradley, Ted R.; Stevens, Charles E.; Wieboldt, Thomas F.; Ware, Donna M. E.; Ogle, Douglas W.; Ramsey, Gwynn W.; Fleming, Gary P. (1992) Atlas of the Virginia Flora, , Burkeville, VA. Pp.
Muenscher, Walter C. (1980) Weeds., In: (Eds.) . , Ithaca, NY. Pp.
1997-2024 USDA PLANTS Database.. Onine databse
Robinson, Benjamin Lincoln; Fernald, Merrit L. (1908) Gray's New Manual of Botany., , New York. Pp.
Ware, Donna (January 1996) Introduced plants in the Chesapeake Bay region, telephone conversation, , Williamsburg VA. Pp.