Laevichlamys irregularis

Overview

Scientific Name: Laevichlamys irregularis

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Bivalvia

Order: Pectinida

Family: Pectinidae

Genus: Laevichlamys

Species:

irregularis {generic reassignment from Chlamys, originally from Pecten (Paulay 1996)} [Describe here as A. iricolor]

Native Distribution

Origin Realm:

Western Indo-Pacific, Central Indo-Pacific, Eastern Indo-Pacific, Temperate Northern Pacific

Native Region:

Origin Location:

Western Indo-Pacific Seychelles to Tuamotu and Hawaii (T.R. Waller, pers. comm. 1987; Paulay 1988, cited in Paulay 1996) STATUS NOT STATED Eastern Indo-Pacific Seychelles to Tuamotu and Hawaii (T.R. Waller, pers. comm. 1987; Paulay 1988, cited in Paulay 1996) STATUS NOT STATED French Polynesia: Society Islands, Tuamotu Islands (Tröndlé and Boutet 2009) STATUS NOT STATED [Chlamys irregularis (synonymized taxon)] Hawaiian Islands (Bernard et al. 1991) STATUS NOT STATED [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] Hawaii (Hayami 2000) STATUS NOT STATED Central Indo-Pacific Phillipines (Dijkstra 2013) STATUS NOT STATED Indonesia (Dijkstra & Moolenbeek 2008) STATUS NOT STATED [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] West coast of Kyushu to Ryukyu Islands, South China Sea, Hong Kong, Philippines (Higo et al. 1999) STATUS NOT STATED [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] [Australia] Great Barrier Reef, central to north Queensland and offshore reefs, north Western Australia. (Lamprell & Whitehead 1992) STATUS NOT STATED [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] [China] Guangdong, Hainan and Guangxi Provinces. (Zhongyan ed. 2004) STATUS NOT STATED Temperate Northern Pacific [Chlamys irregularis (synonymized taxon)] Fukue Island, Nagasaki, Japan (Takatani 1997) STATUS NOT STATED [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] Boso Peninsula to Kyushu along the Pacific coast. Oga Peninsula to northern Kyushu along the Japan Sea coast. West coast of Kyushu to Ryukyu Islands, East China Sea (Higo et al. 1999) STATUS NOT STATED [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] [Japan] Along the coasts of Yamagata Prefecture, Japan Sea. (Suzuki 1979) STATUS NOT STATED [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] [Japan] Off the coast of Niigata Prefecture and Sado Island, Japan Sea. (Ito 1989) STATUS NOT STATED [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] [Japan] North to south coast of Wakayama Prefecture. (Inaba 1981) STATUS NOT STATED [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] [Japan] Iyo-nada, Osaka Bay of Seto Inland Sea. (Inaba 1982) STATUS NOT STATED [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] [Japan] Oki Island. (Anonymous 2011) STATUS NOT STATED [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] [Japan] Kii-Nagashima, Sone, Niijika, Mie Prefecture, Kii peninula. (Matsumoto 1979) STATUS NOT STATED [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] [China] Fujian (Zhongyan ed. 2004) STATUS NOT STATED Uncertain realm Throughout the tropical Indo-West Pacific and central Pacific (Dijkstra & Moolenbeek 2008) STATUS NOT STATED Indo-western Pacific, Australia (Higo et al. 1999) STATUS NOT STATED [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] Coasts of Formosa. (Lai 1988) STATUS NOT STATED RELATED: [Laevichlamys Waller, 1993] Western Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific (Dijkstra 2013) STATUS NOT STATED [Laevichlamys Waller, 1993 (Pecten multisquamatus Dunker, 1864)] New Caledonia, Queensland Australia (Dijkstra & Marshall 2008) STATUS NOT STATED

Geographic Range:

Seychelles to French Polynesia and Hawaii (T.R. Waller, pers. comm. 1987; Paulay 1988, cited in Paulay 1996) [Chlamys irregularis (synonymized taxon)] distribution in China: 20ºN – 25ºN (Guo & Luo 2006) [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] [Japan and its vicinity] 0º-39ºN at the Pacific side and 0º-43ºN at the Japan Sea side. (Inaba 1982) [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] Off the coast of Niigata Prefecture and Sado Island, Japan Sea: from 37º12.7'N to 38º13.0'N, from 138º04.4'E to 138º31.9'E. (Ito 1989) RELATED: [Laevichlamys Waller, 1993] Western Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific (Dijkstra 2013)

General Diversity:

NF

Non-native Distribution

Invasion History:

No records of invasion (Global Invasive Species Database 2016)

Non-native Region:

Not applicable

Invasion Propens:

Not applicable

Status Date Non-native:

Not applicable

Vectors and Spread

Initial Vector:

Not applicable

Second Vector:

Not applicable

Vector Details:

Not applicable

Spread Rate:

Not applicable

Date First Observed in Japan:

Not applicable

Date First Observed on West coast North America:

Not applicable

Impacts

Impact in Japan:

Not applicable

Global Impact:

Not applicable

Tolerences

Native Temperature Regime:

Mild temperate, Warm temperate, Subtropical, Tropical

Native Temperature Range:

Iyo-nada, Seto Inland Sea: 25-26ºC in summer and approximately 10ºC in winter. (from the graph in Inaba 1988) Matsuyama in Iyo-nada: max 26.0ºC in summer and min 8.0ºC in winter. (Clark et al. 2003) Hong Kong: max 28.5ºC in summer and min 18.1ºC in winter. (Clark et al. 2003) Mild temperate, Warm temperate, Subtropical, Tropical (M. Otani, pers. comm.)

Non-native Temperature Regime:

Not applicable

Non-native Temperature Range:

Not applicable

Native Salinity Regime:

Mesohaline, Polyhaline, Euhaline

Native Salinity Range:

Iyo-nada, Seto Inland Sea: approximately 33psu throughout the year. (from the graph in Inaba 1988) Matsuyama: max 32.0psu in dry period and min 20.0psu in wet period. (Clark et al. 2003) Hong Kong: max 34.0psu in dry period and min 10.0psu in wet period. (Clark et al. 2003)

Non-native Salinity Regime:

Not applicable

Temperature Regime Survival:

Mild temperate, Warm temperate, Subtropical, Tropical

Temperature Range Survival:

Mild temperate, Warm temperate, Subtropical, Tropical (M. Otani, pers. comm.)

Temperature Regime Reproduction:

Mild temperate, Warm temperate, Subtropical, Tropical

Temperature Range Reproduction:

Mild temperate, Warm temperate, Subtropical, Tropical (M. Otani, pers. comm.)

Salinity Regime Survival:

Polyhaline, Euhaline

Salinity Range Survival:

Polyhaline, euhaline (M. Otani, pers. comm.)

Salintiy Regime Reproduction:

Polyhaline, Euhaline

Salinity Range Reproduction:

Polyhaline, euhaline (M. Otani, pers. comm.)

Depth Regime:

Lower intertidal, Shallow subtidal, Deep subtidal

Depth Range:

[Indonesia] living littorally (Dijkstra & Moolenbeek 2008) [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] Boso Peninsula and southwards: intertidal to 150m (Higo et al. 1999) or less than 20m (Hayami 2000) [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] [Japan] Along the coast of Yamagata Prefecture, Japan Sea: intertidal to 25m. (Suzuki 1979) [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] [Japan] Off the coast of Niigata Prefecture and Sado Island, Japan Sea: 101-1110m. (Ito 1989) [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] [Japan] Iyo-nada and Osaka Bay in Seto Inland Sea: 0-120m. (Inaba 1982) [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] [Japan] Anjo, Wagu, Kii-Nagashima, Mie Prefecture, Kii peninula: intertidal to 10m. (Matsumoto 1979) [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] [China] Found on rocks and coarse sand bottom from the low-tide down to about 20m at Chinese cosats. (Zhongyan ed. 2004) RELATED: [Laevichlamys Waller, 1993] lives subtidally to sublittorally (Dijkstra 2013) [Laevichlamys andamanica] [Indonesia] lives in littoral zone (Dijkstra & Moolenbeek 2008) [Laevichlamys deliciosa] sublittoral to upper bathyal (Dijkstra 2013)

Non-native Salinity Range:

Native Abundance:

Rare, Common

Reproduction

Fertilization Mode:

external

Reproduction Mode:

Gonochoristic/ dioecious

Spawning Type:

None

Development Mode:

Planktotrophic planktonic larva (feeding)

Asexual Reproduction:

Does not reproduce asexually

Reproduction Details:

External fertilization; gonochoristic/ dioecious; broadcast spawning; planktotrophic planktonic larva (feeding); does not reproduce asexually (M. Otani, pers. comm.)

Adult Mobility:

See details

Adult Mobility Details:

[Indonesia] byssal attachment to coral (Dijkstra & Moolenbeek 2008) Facultatively mobile (Species with limited mobility, in particular to repositioning themselves in response to environmental disturbances (e.g., sea anemones)) (M. Otani, pers. comm.) RELATED: [Laevichlamys andamanica] byssally attached (Dijkstra & Moolenbeek 2008)

Maturity Size:

NF

Maturity Age:

NF

Reproduction Lifespan:

RELATED: [Bivalvia] Spawning occurs from early summer to autumn is common for bivalves are in temperate or tropical zone. (Sumikawa 1994)

Longevity:

NF

Broods per Year:

NF

Reproduction Cues:

RELATED: [Bivalvia] Among several reproduction cues including wave shock, the change of salinity, lunar age and tidal rhythm, the change of the water temperature is the most important factor. (Orton 1920 and etc., cited in Sumikawa 1994)

Reproduction Time:

RELATED: [Bivalvia] Spawning occurs from early summer to autumn is common for bivalves are in temperate or tropical zone. (Sumikawa 1994)

Fecundity:

NF

Egg Size:

NF

Egg Duration:

NF

Early Life Growth Rate:

NF

Adult Growth Rate:

NF

Population Growth Rate:

NF

Population Variablity:

NF

Habitat

Ecosystem:

Rocky intertidal, Rocky subtidal, Sediment subtidal, Coral reef, Other

Habitat Type:

Epibenthic

Substrate:

Sand, Gravel, Cobble, Rock, Biogenic

Exposure:

Exposed, Semi-exposed

Habitat Expansion:

NF

Habitat Details:

[Indonesia] byssal attachment to coral in sandy sediments (Dijkstra & Moolenbeek 2008) [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] Boso Peninsula and southwards: rubble (Higo et al. 1999) or rocky bottom (Hayami 2000). [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] [Japan] Along the coast of Yamagata Prefecture, Japan Sea: found at rocky bottom. (Suzuki 1979) [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] [Japan] Iyo-nada and Osaka Bay of Seto Inland Sea: found at rocky bottom. (Inaba 1982) [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] [China] Found on rocks and coarse sand bottom from the low-tide down to about 20m at Chinese coasts. (Zhongyan ed. 2004) [As Chlamys irregularis (Synonymized taxon)] Found at rocky and gravel bottom in Formosa. (Lai 1988) [Laevichlamys squamosa] Littoral: sand and coral rubble (Dijkstra 2013) Exposed, Semi-exposed (M. Otani, pers. comm.) RELATED: [Laevichlamys andamanica] [Indonesia] lives in littoral zone; byssal attachment to underside of rocks or coral, or in coral rubble on sandy substrates (Dijkstra & Moolenbeek 2008) [Laevichlamys squamosa] littoral: sand and coral rubble (Dijkstra 2013) [Laevichlamys deliciosa] sublittoral to upper bathyal (Dijkstra 2013)

Trophic Level:

Suspension feeder

Trophic Details:

Suspension feeder (M. Otani, pers. comm.)

Forage Mode:

Non-selective

Forage Details:

Non-selective (M. Otani, pers. comm.)

Natural Control:

NF

Associated Species:

NF

References and Notes

References:

Anonymous (2011) Fauna of the Sea around the Oki Marine Biological Station. Education and Research Center for Biological Resources, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University: 1-32pp. (in Japanese) Bernard FR, Mckinnell SM, Jamieson GS (1991) Distribution and zoogeography of the Bivalvia of the eastern Pacific Ocean. Can. Spec. Publ. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 112: 60 p.  http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/Library/118357.pdf Clarke C, Hillard R, Junqueira AOR, Neto ACL, Polglaze J, Raaymakers S (2003) Ballast water risk assessment, Port of Sepetiba, Fedral Republic of Brazil. GloBallast Monograph Series 14: 1-63 + 7 Appendices. Dijkstra HH (2013) Pectinoidea (Bivalvia: Propeamussiidae and Pectinidae) from the Panglao region, Philippine Islands. Vita Malacologica. 10:1-08.  http://dare.uva.nl/cgi/arno/show.cgi?fid=504769 Dijkstra HH, Marshall BA (2008) The Recent Pectinoidea of the New Zealand region (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Propeamussiidae, Pectinidae and Spondylidae. Molluscan Research. 28(1):1-88. Dijkstra HH, Moolenbeek RG (2008) Some Pectinoidea (Bivalvia: Propeamussiidae and Pectinidae) from the Berau Islands (East Kalimantan, Indonesia). Venus. 67(1-2):15-26. Guo X, Luo Y (2006) Scallop culture in China. Scallops: biology, ecology and aquaculture, 2nd edn. Developments in aquaculture and fisheries science. 35:1143-61. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ximing_Guo/publication/229227907_Chapter_23_Scallop_culture_in_China/links/54c285cc0cf256ed5a8e9f56.pdf Global Invasive Species Database. http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/search.php Access Date: 4-Mar-16 and 28-April-2016 Habe T (1981) A catalogue of molluscs of Wakayama Prefecture, the Province of Kii. I. Bivalvia, Scpaphoposa and Cephalopoda. The editorial commitiee of " a catalogure of molluscs of Wakayama Prefecture": 301pp. Hayami I (2000) Pectinidae. In: Marine Mollusks in Japan. Okutani T (ed.). Tokaidaigaku Shuppankai, Tokyo: 897-911. (in Japanese and English) Higo S, Callomon P, Goto Y (1999) Catalogue and bibliography of the marine shell-bearing mollusca of Japan. Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Polyplachophora, Scaphopoda. Shell Scientific Publications, Osaka: 748pp. Inaba A (1982) Molluscan fauna of the Inland Sea, Japan. Hiroshima shell club, Hiroshima: 181pp. (in Japanese) Inaba A (1988) Fauna and Flora of the Seto Inland Sea. Second edition II. Mukaishima Marine Biological Station of Hiroshima University: 1-475. (in Japanese) Ito K (1989) Distribution of molluscan shells in the coastal areas of Chuetsu, Kaetsu and Sado Island, Niigata Prefecture, Japan. Bulletin of the Japan Sea Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory 39: 37-133 (in Japanese with English abstract) Lai KY (1988) Mollusks. Illustrated book for natural observation in Taiwan. Du jia chu ban you xian gong si, Taipei City :199pp. (in Chinese) Lamprell K & Whitehead T (1992) Bivalves of Australia. Vol. 1. Crawford House Press Pty Ltd., Bathurst NSW: 182pp. Matsumoto Y (1979) Molluscan shells of Mie Prefecture, Japan. Toba Aquarium: 179pp. (in Japanese) Paulay GU (1996) New records and synonymies of Hawaiian bivalves (Mollusca). Occ. Pap. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 45:18-29. Sumikawa S (1994) Reproduction. In: Handbook of Malacology Vol. 1. Habe T, Okutani T, Nishiwaki S (eds.), Scientist-sha Inc., Tokyo: 159-176. (in Japanese) Suzuki S (1979) Catalogue of marine invertebrate animals in Yamagata Prefecture. Tamakibi-kai: 370pp. (in Japanese) Takatani T, Akaeda H, Arakawa O, Noguchi T (1997) Occurrence of Paralytic Shellfish Poison (PSP) in Bivalves, along with Mossworm Adherent to Their Shells, Collected from Fukue Island, Nagasaki, Japan during 1995 and 1996. J. Food Hyg. Soc. Japan 38(6) https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/shokueishi1960/38/6/38_6_430/_pdf Tröndlé J, Boutet M (2009) Inventory of marine molluscs of French Polynesia. National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. Atoll Research Bulletin. 570. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.568.8052&rep=rep1&type=pdf Zhongyan Q (ed) (2004) Seashells of China. China Ocean Press, Beijing: 418pp.

Literature:

Limited information; expert opinion based on observational information or circumstantial evidence

Notes:

NA