Invasion
Invasion Description
1st record: Colombia/Pacific Ocean (1924, USNM 59208, U.S. National Museum of Natural History 2002)
Geographic Extent
Balboa/Panama/Pacific Ocean (1964, Matsui et al. 1964); ;Playa Venao/Panama/Pacific Ocean (mid-to lower intertidal) (Laguna 1985); Veracruz/Panama/Gulf of Panama (mid-to lower intertidal) (Laguna 1985); Playa el Palmar/Panama/Gulf of Panama (mid-to lower intertidal) (Laguna 1985); Miraflores Locks/Canal Zone/Panama Bay, Miraflores Locks Spillway (USNM 268972, U.S. National Museum of Natural History 2002); Balboa/Panama/Panama Bay (Matsui et al. 1964); Costa Rica/Pacific Ocean (Van Syoc 2009)
Vectors
Level | Vector |
---|---|
Alternate | Ballast Water |
Alternate | Hull Fouling |