Invasion

Invasion Description

1st Record:  Matanzas River/Marineland/FL (Jan 2003; 2940#N, 8113#W, Abundant on floating pier); Matanzas River/St. Augustine/FL (Jan 2003; 2953#N, 8118#W, abundant); Vilano Pt/Vilano Beach/FL (Jan 2003; 2954#N, 8117#W, common, Baker et al. 2007). Sharp declines in P. viridis abundance in the St. Augustine area were seen after severe winters in 2010 and 2011. However, populations are expected to be resilient (Matthew Gilg, cited by Edwards 2011).

Geographic Extent

NC/Oregon Inlet (2003, Baker et al. 2007, single record, several dead specimens); inlet near the south end of Folly Beach, Charleston County/SC/Atlantic Ocean (2006, USGS Nonindigenous Species Program 2006, only one specimen collected); at Hunting Island State Park [near Beaufort]/SC/Atlantic Ocean, on outer groins (USGS Nonindigenous Species Program 2009); Folly Island, Charleston/SC/Charleston Harbor (8/2006, Crickenberger et al. 2009, 1 specimen); Tybee Island/GA/Savannah River (2004, Baker et al. 2007, common in summer); Department of Natural Resources Dock, and artificial reef, 20 miles offshore; Brunswick/GA/Atlantic Ocean (2003, Power et al. 2004; Baker et al. 2007); southern Cumberland Island/GA/Cumberland Sound (3/2005, Baker et al. 2007, 30 43 N, 81 26 W, common in subtidal, died in winter); Sea Camp, Cumberland Is./GA/Cumberland Sound (10/26/2006, Baker et al. 2007, 30 51 N, 81 28 W, common on navigation buoys); Crooked River State Park, St Marys/GA (2009, Spinuzzi et al. 2012); FL/St Mary's River Entrance (7/2003, Baker et al. 2007, 30 42 N, 8 26 W, common); St Johns Jetty, Mayport/FL/St. Johns River estuary (6/2003, Baker et al. 2007 30 24 N, 81 24 W, common); Mayport Naval Station, Duval County/FL/St. Johns River estuary (7/28/Frank 2003, in Lee 2003, http://www.jaxshells.org/908.htm); Mayport/FL/St. Johns River estuary (6/26/2006, Baker et al. 2007, 30 23 N, 81 24 W, abundant); Fort George/FL/Fort George Inlet, St. Johns River estuary (6/2005, Baker et al. 2007, 30 25 N, 81 25 W, 2 specimens); Atlantic Beach/FL/Pablo Creek (3/2003, Baker et al. 2007, 30 19 N, 81 26 W, common-abundant); St Augustine/FL/Matanzas River (1/2003 , Baker et al. 2007, 29 53 N, 81 18 W, abundant); Euclid Avenue, St. Augustine/FL/Matanzas River (2009, Spinuzzi et al. 2012); Vilano Pt, Vilano Beach/FL/Matanzas River (1/2003, Baker et al. 2007, 29 54 N, 81 17 W); Marineland/FL/Matanzas River (6/2003, Baker et al. 2007, 29 40 N, 81 13 W,  abundant on floating pier); Crescent Beach/FL (8/2004, Baker et al. 2007, 29 46 N, 81 15 W, large clusters on beach in 2004); Atlantic Beach/FL/Pablo Creek (3/2003, Baker et al. 2007, 30 19 N, 81 26 W, common-abundant); Buena Vista Park, New Smyrna Beach/FL/Intracoastal Waterway (2008, Spinuzzi et al. 2012); Fort Caroline National Memorial & Jacksonville/FL/St. Johns River estuary to Mayport Marina and Boat Ramp (2016, Holt and Garner 2018, mean salinity 26-30 PSU, 30°23'12.00"N, 81°29'56.62"W & 30°23'50.76"N, 81°25'43.48"W)