Invasion
Invasion Description
1st Record: Gotland (Island)/Sweden/Baltic Sea (1920, Leppakoski and Olenin 2000)
Geographic Extent
Gotland (Island)/Sweden/Baltic Sea (1920, Leppakoski and Olenin 2000); Kaliningrad area/Russia-Lithuania/Curonian Lagoon (1920, Olenin and Leppakoski 1999); Kaliningrad area/Russia-Lithuania/FW lakes adjacent to Curonian Lagoon (Filippenko and Son 2008; identifed as genotype T, mostly freshwater-lowslainity, Butkus et al.2020); Poland/Vistula lagoon (1926, Ezhova et al. 2005; Jablonska-Barna et al. 2013)
Vectors
| Level | Vector |
|---|---|
| Alternate | Dry Ballast |
| Alternate | Packing Material |
| Alternate | Natural Dispersal |
| Alternate | Cargo |
Regional Impacts
| Ecological Impact | Competition | |
| Some community impacts, central Baltic, Vistula Lagoon (Zaiko et al. 2011). In the Vistula Lagoon, P. antipodarum has become extremely abundant in recent years (Ezhova et al. 2005). | ||
| Ecological Impact | Habitat Change | |
| Some habitat impacts, unspecified, Vistula Lagoon (Ezhova et al. 2005; Zaiko et al. 2011) | ||
| Ecological Impact | Trophic Cascade | |
| Moderate ecosystem impacts, Vistula Lagoon, on productivity and nutrient cycles (Ezhiva et al. 2005; Zaiko et al. 2011) | ||