Invasion
Invasion Description
1st Record: Germany/Ems Estuary (North Sea) (Nehring and Leuchs 1999)
Geographic Extent
Germany/Ems Estuary (North Sea) (1996, Nehring and Leuchs 1999); Germany/Wadden Sea (Sebesvari et al. 2006; Esser et al. 2008); Wilhelmhaven-Bremerhaven/Germany/Wadden Sea (2014, Rhode et al. 2014)
Vectors
| Level | Vector |
|---|---|
| Alternate | Ballast Water |
| Alternate | Hull Fouling |
| Alternate | Oyster Accidental |