Invasion
Invasion Description
Oahu/HI/in Halawa Stream, Pearl Harbor (1977, Ward 1981, cited by Carlton and Eldredge 2009)
Geographic Extent
Oahu/HI/in Halawa Stream, Pearl Harbor (1977, Ward 1981, cited by Carlton and Eldredge 2009); Oahu/HI/Pearl Harbor (1987, USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Program2007), Oahu/HI/Kalihi Stream (Englund et al., 2000); hNelson et al. 2007 http://epa.gov/wed/pages/publications/authored/EPA620R-07001ConditionOfEstuariesNelson.pdf
Vectors
Level | Vector |
---|---|
Alternate | Ballast Water |
Alternate | Hull Fouling |