Invasion
Invasion Description
1st Record: Schonegatt/Curacao/Caribbean Sea (1989, Bastida-Zavala and Ten-Hove 2002)
Geographic Extent
Panama Canal Yacht Club, Colon/Panama/Caribbean Sea (2002, Bastida-Zavala and Ten-Hove 2002); Bucut/Aruba/Caribbean Sea (2002, Bastida-Zavala and Ten-Hove 2002); Schonegatt/Curacao/Caribbean Sea (1989, Bastida-Zavala and Ten-Hove 2002); Colombia/Bay of Cartagena, Caribbean Sea (1979, USNM 58259, U.S. National Museum of Natural History 2007); Panama Canal area/Panama/Caribbean Sea (2004, Ruiz et al., unpublished data); Venezuela/Cariaco Gulf (Díaz-Díaz & Liñero-Arana 2001, cited by Bastida-Zavala et al. 2017, PVC dock pilings)
Vectors
Level | Vector |
---|---|
Alternate | Ballast Water |
Alternate | Hull Fouling |