Invasion
Invasion Description
1st Record: Caen/France/Canal de Caen (Fauvel 1923, cited by Carlton 1979; Goulletquer et al. 2002)
Geographic Extent
London Docks/England/Thames Estuary (1923, ten Hove and Weerdenburg 1978; Zibrowius and Thorp 1989); Emsworth/Sussex/ brackish millpond (1981, Zibrowius and Thorp 1989); Dorset/England/Weymouth Harbor (1937, Zibrowius and Thorp 1989); Cavendish Dock (heated), 2 marinas/England/Irish Sea and English Channel (2015, Wood et al. 2016); Barrow-in-Furness/England/Irish Sea (1959, Zibrowius and Thorp 1989); heated dock, Swansea/Wales/Bristol Channel; Abereiddy Quarry, Pembrokeshire/Wales/Bristol Channel (1975, Zibrowius and Thorp 1989); Oostende/Belgium/North Sea (1951, Kerckhof et al. 2007); Vlissing/Netherlands/North Sea (1974, ten Hove and Weerdenburg 1978); Harlingen harbour/Netherlands/Wadden Sea (2009, Gittenberger et al. 2010); Texel/Netherlands/Wadden Sea (2009, Gittenberger et al. 2010); Caen/France/Canal de Caen (Fauvel 1923, cited by Carlton 1979; Goulletquer et al. 2002); Le Havre to Cherborg/France/English Channel (2015, Charles et al. 2018); Wilhelmhaven/Germany/Wadden Sea (2014, Rohde et al. 2017); Germany/North Sea Coast; (1975, Gollasch et al. 2006); Cork/Ireland/Cork Harbor (Irish Sea) (1973, Zibrowius and Thorp 1989); Arklow/Ireland/Irish Sea (Minchin 2007); Poolbeg Marina, Dublin/Ireland/River Liffey (Minchin 2007)
Vectors
| Level | Vector |
|---|---|
| Alternate | Ballast Water |
| Alternate | Hull Fouling |
Regional Impacts
| Ecological Impact | Habitat Change | |
| Ficopomatus enigmaticus formed extensive reefs in sheltered lagoons, increasing habitat for attached organisms and shelter for mobile ones (Thomas and Thorp 1994). Ficopomatus enigmaticus fouling provided habitat for 3 introduced species (Amphibalanus improvisus, Rhithropanopeus harrisii, Mytilopsis leucophaeta) (Charles et al. 2018). | ||
| Ecological Impact | Herbivory | |
| The large biomass of F. enigmaticus in a lagoon in England appears to have extensively filtered the water, reducing phytplankton biomass (Thomas and Thorp 1994). | ||
| Ecological Impact | Trophic Cascade | |
| The growth of extensive reefs of F. enigmaticus shifted biomass and nutrients from the water column to the benthos (Thomas and Thorp 1994). | ||
| Economic Impact | Shipping/Boating | |
| Ficopomatus enigmaticus often fouls boats and blocks canals and tide gates in coastal lagoons (Nelson-Smith 1971; Eno 1996). 'However, at CUMB2 (marina in Cumbria, England) it was super-abundant and a severe fouling nuisance on yacht hulls, pontoons and ropes. This marina has previously requested advice from us as to how to remove it, has advised boat owners on what they can do about it, and has carried out cleaning and procedural' (Wood et al. 2015). Ficopomatus enigmaticus is also perceived as having negative impacts in marinas in Normandy (Charles et al. 2018). | ||
References
Dixon, D.R. (1981) Reproductive biology of the serpulid Ficopomatus (Mercierella) enigmaticus in the Thames Estuary, S.E. England, Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 61: 805-815Eno, N. Clare (1996) Non-native marine species in British waters: effects and controls, Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 6: 215-228
Eno, N. Clare; Clark, Robin A.; Sanderson, William G. (1997) <missing title>, Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough. Pp. <missing location>
1997-2012 Directory of Non-Native Marine Species in British waters. http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-1532
Gittenberger, Adriaan; Rensing, Marjolein; Stegenga, Herre; Hoeksema, Bert (2010) Native and non-native species of hard substrata in the Dutch Wadden Sea, Nederlandse Faunistiche Mededelingen 33: 20-76
Gollasch, Stephan; Nehring, Stefan (2006) National checklist for aquatic alien species in Germany., Aquatic Invasions 1(2): 245-269
Goulletquer, Philippe; Bachelet, Guy; Sauriau, Pierre; Noel, Pierre (2002) Invasive aquatic species of Europe: Distribution, impacts, and management., Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. Pp. 276-290
Kerckhof, Francis; Haelters, Jan; Gollasch, Stephan G. (2007) Alien species in the marine and brackish ecosystem: the situation in Belgian waters., Aquatic Invasions 2(3): 243-257
Liu, Wenliang; Liang, Xiaoli ; Zhu, Xiaojing (2015) A new record and mitochondrial identification of Synidotea laticauda Benedict, 1897 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Valvifera: Idoteidae) from the Yangtze Estuary, China, Zootaxa 4294: 371-380
Nelson-Smith, Anthony (1971) Annelids as fouling organisms., In: Gareth Jones, E. B. and Eltringham, S. K.(Eds.) Marine Borers, Fungi, and Fouling Organisms of Wood.. , Paris. Pp. 171-184
Raymont, J. E. G. (1976) Harvesting Polluted Waters, Plenum, New York. Pp. 185-199
Ten Hove, H. A.; Weerdenburg, J. C. A. (1978) A generic revision of the brackish-water serpulid Ficopomatus Southern 1921 (Polychaeta : Serpulinae) including Mercierella Fauvel 1923, Sphaeropomatus Treadwell 1934, Mercierellopsis Rioja 1945 and Neopomatus Pillai 196, Biological Bulletin 154: 96-120
ten Hove, Harry (1974) Notes on Hydroides elegans (Haswell, 1883) and Mercieriella enigmatica Fauvel 1923, alien serpulid polychaetes introduced into the Netherlands., Bulletin Zoologisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam 4(6): 45-51
Thomas, Nigel S.; Thorp, Clifford H. (1994) Cyclical changes in the fauna associated with tube aggregates of Ficopomatus enigmaticus (Fauvel), Memoires du Museum Nationale d'Histoire Naturelle 162: 575-584
Zibrowius, Helmut, Thorp, Clifford H. (1989) A review of the alien serpulid and spirorbid polychaetes in the British Isles, Cahiers de Biologie Marine 30(3): 271-285