Invasion
Invasion Description
1st record: Messina/Sicily/Straits of Messina (1974, Ribera and Boudouresque 1995)
Geographic Extent
Messina/Sicily/Straits of Messina (1974, Ribera and Boudouresque 1995); Tarabulus/Libya/Mediterranean Sea (1984, Ribera and Boudouresque 1995); El-Kouf National Park/Libya/ Mediterranean Sea (2012, Bazairi et al. 2014); Gulf of Gabes/Gulf of Gabes (2013, Cherif et al. 2016)Italy/Mar Piccolo of Taranto (Ionian Sea) (2001, Mastrotaro et al. 2004; Gravili et al. 2010; Cecere et al. 2016)
Vectors
| Level | Vector |
|---|---|
| Alternate | Hull Fouling |
| Alternate | Natural Dispersal |
| Alternate | Ballast Water |
| Alternate | Oyster Accidental |