Invasion
Invasion Description
1st Record? Portugal/Atlantic Ocean (Noltin 1995, cited by Junoy and Castello 2003; Chainho et al. 1995)
Geographic Extent
Portugal/Atlantic Ocean (Noltin 1995, cited by Junoy and Castello 2003; Chainho et al. 1995); Viana do Castelo/Portugal/Atlantic Ocean (2009, Borges et al. 2014c); Porto Brandao/Portugal/Tagus estuary (2007, Borges et al. 2011; Borges et al. 2014c)
Vectors
| Level | Vector |
|---|---|
| Probable | Hull Fouling |
Regional Impacts
| Economic Impact | Shipping/Boating | |
| Limnoria tripunctata and L. quadripunctata have become important and destructive woodborers in the Tagus estuary, Portugal (Borges et al. 2010). | ||