Invasion History
First Non-native North American Tidal Record:First Non-native West Coast Tidal Record:
First Non-native East/Gulf Coast Tidal Record:
General Invasion History:
None
North American Invasion History:
Description
None
Taxonomy
Taxonomic Tree
| Kingdom: | Animalia | |
| Phylum: | Mollusca | |
| Class: | Gastropoda | |
| Subclass: | Opisthobranchia | |
| Order: | Nudibranchia | |
| Family: | Polyceridae | |
| Genus: | Polycera | |
| Species: | hedgpethi |
Synonyms
Potentially Misidentified Species
Ecology
Food:
Bryozoans (Bugula spp.)
Trophic Status:
Carnivore
CarnHabitats
| General Habitat | Marinas & Docks | None |
| General Habitat | Rocky | None |
| General Habitat | Unstructured Bottom | None |
| Salinity Range | Polyhaline | 18-30 PSU |
| Salinity Range | Euhaline | 30-40 PSU |
| Tidal Range | Subtidal | None |
| Vertical Habitat | Epibenthic | None |
Tolerances and Life History Parameters
General Impacts
Regional Distribution Map
| Bioregion | Region Name | Year | Invasion Status | Population Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NEP-V | Northern California to Mid Channel Islands | 0 | Crypogenic | Established |
| NEP-VI | Pt. Conception to Southern Baja California | 0 | Crypogenic | Established |
| NEP-VII | None | 0 | Crypogenic | Established |
| NZ-IV | None | 1964 | Non-native | Established |
| WA-V | None | 1972 | Non-native | Established |
| AUS-VII | None | 1998 | Non-native | Established |
| AUS-VIII | None | 1973 | Non-native | Established |
| NEP-VIII | None | 0 | Crypogenic | Established |
| NEP-IX | None | 0 | Crypogenic | Established |
| SEP-H | None | 0 | Crypogenic | Established |
| AUS-X | None | 1979 | Non-native | Established |
| AUS-XII | None | 1998 | Non-native | Unknown |
| AUS-V | None | 1993 | Non-native | Unknown |
| NWP-3b | None | 2000 | Non-native | Established |
| MED-II | None | 2003 | Non-native | Established |
| NEA-V | None | 2002 | Non-native | Established |
| NWP-3a | None | 0 | Non-native | Established |
| AUS-IV | None | 2005 | Non-native | Established |
| MED-VII | None | 0 | Non-native | Established |
| WA-IV | None | 0 | Non-native | Established |
| MED-III | None | 0 | Non-native | Established |
| WA-I | None | 2009 | Non-native | Established |
| PAN_PAC | Panama Pacific Coast | 0 | Crypogenic | Established |
Occurrence Map
| OCC_ID | Author | Year | Date | Locality | Status | Latitude | Longitude |
|---|
References
Caballer, M.; Ortea, J. (2002) [First record of Polycera hedgpethi Marcus 1964 (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia) for the Iberian Peninsula., Noticario de la Sociedad Espaniola de Malacologie 37: 55-56Carlton, James T. (Ed.) (2007) The Light and Smith Manual: Intertidal Invertebrates from Central California to Oregon Fourth Edition, Completely Revised and Expanded, University of California Press, Berkeley. Pp. <missing location>
Cervera, J. L.; Garcia-Gomez, J. C.; Toscano, F.; Garcia, J. F. (1988) [Polycera hedgpethi Marcus 1964 (Gastropoda: Nudibranchia), an Indo-Pacific species discovered in the Mediterranean Sea.], Iberus 8(2): 225-231
Cervera, Juan Lucas; Tamsouri, Naoufal; Moukrim, Abdellatif; Villani, Guido (2010) New records of two alien opisthobranch molluscs from the north-eastern Atlantic: Polycera hedgpethi and Godiva quadricolor, Marine Biodiversity Records 3: 1-4
Gosliner, Terence M. (1982) A new record of the nudibranch gastropod Polycera hedgpethi Marcus from the Indian Ocean coast of South Africa., Journal of Molluscan Studies 48(1): 30-35
International Commission for the Scientific Exploration of the Mediterranean Sea (CEISM) (2001) <missing title>, <missing publisher>, <missing place>. Pp. <missing location>
Mead, A.; Carlton, J. T.; Griffiths, C. L. Rius, M. (2011b) Introduced and cryptogenic marine and estuarine species of South Africa, Journal of Natural History 39-40: 2463-2524
Miller, M. C. (2001) Descriptions of the dorid nudibranchs Polycera hedgpethi Marcus, 1964 and P. fujitai Baba, 1937 in New Zealand (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia)., Journal of Molluscan Studies 67: 491-499
Rudman, W. B. 1997-2016 Sea Slug Forum. http://www.seaslugforum.net/
Valles, Yvonne; Valles, Angel, Ortea, Jesus (2000) On the phaneroibranch dorids of Angola: A crossroads of temperate and tropical species., Zoosystema 22(1): 15-32
Wilson, Nerida (2006) New record of the nudibranch Polycera hedgpethi Er. Marcus, 1964, in South Australia, with a discussion on its occurrence in Australia, Records of the Western Australia Museum Supplement No. 69:: 137-140
Wiltshire, K.; Rowling, K.; Deveney, M. (2010) <missing title>, South Australian Research and Development Institute, Adelaide. Pp. 1-232