Invasion History
First Non-native North American Tidal Record:First Non-native West Coast Tidal Record:
First Non-native East/Gulf Coast Tidal Record:
General Invasion History:
None
North American Invasion History:
Description
None
Taxonomy
Taxonomic Tree
| Kingdom: | Animalia | |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda | |
| Subphylum: | Crustacea | |
| Class: | Maxillopoda | |
| Subclass: | Thecostraca | |
| Infraclass: | Cirripedia | |
| Superorder: | Thoracica | |
| Order: | Sessilia | |
| Suborder: | Balanomorpha | |
| Superfamily: | Chthamaloidea | |
| Family: | Chthamalidae | |
| Genus: | Chthamalus | |
| Species: | proteus |
Synonyms
Chthamalus bisinuatus (Southward, 1975)
Chthamalus proteus (Dando and Southward, 1980)
Chthamalus stellatus bisinuatus (Wells, 1966)
Chthamalus proteus (Dando and Southward, 1980)
Chthamalus stellatus bisinuatus (Wells, 1966)
Potentially Misidentified Species
Chthamalus fragilis
Cape Cod MA-Dauphin Island AL (Dando and Southward 1980)
Chthamalus angustitergum
South FL-Trinidad (Dando and Southward 1980)
Chthamalus bisinuatus
Fortaleza, Brazil- Uruguay (Dando and Southward 1980)
Cape Cod MA-Dauphin Island AL (Dando and Southward 1980)
Chthamalus angustitergum
South FL-Trinidad (Dando and Southward 1980)
Chthamalus bisinuatus
Fortaleza, Brazil- Uruguay (Dando and Southward 1980)
Ecology
General:
Chthamalus proteus is exclusively intertidal and favors relatively clear water of high salinity (Dando and Southward 1980; Zabin et al. 2007)
Food:
Phtyplankton, detritus
Trophic Status:
Suspension Feeder
SusFedHabitats
| General Habitat | Oyster Reef | None |
| General Habitat | Marinas & Docks | None |
| General Habitat | Rocky | None |
| General Habitat | Mangroves | None |
| General Habitat | Vessel Hull | None |
| Tidal Range | Low Intertidal | None |
| Tidal Range | Mid Intertidal | None |
| Tidal Range | High Intertidal | None |
| Vertical Habitat | Epibenthic | None |
Tolerances and Life History Parameters
| Minimum Temperature (ºC) | 16 | Field temperature (Brazil, Neto 2003 cited by Zabin et al. 2007) |
| Maximum Temperature (ºC) | 38 | Field temperature (Panama, Cubit 1990, cited by Zabin et al. 2007) |
| Minimum Salinity (‰) | 22 | Field (Dando and Southward 1980; Zabin et al. 2007) |
| Minimum Duration | 9 | Nauplius release to cypris stage, 28 C, high food (Zabin et al. 2007) |
| Maximum Duration | 17 | Nauplius release to cypris stage, 24 C, low food (Zabin et al. 2007) |
| Broad Temperature Range | None | Subtropical-Tropical |
| Broad Salinity Range | None | Polyhaline-Euhaline |
General Impacts
Regional Impacts
| SP-XXI | None | Ecological Impact | Competition | ||
| The invasion of C. proteus in the Hawaiian Islands has coincided with reductions in abundance of the introduced barnacles Amphibalanus amphitrite and A. reticulatus. In experiments in which settling C. proteus were removed from fouling plates, numbers of settling A. reticulatus increased, but no A. amphitrite occurred on plates. The effect of competition with C. proteus is to compress the vertical distribution of A. reticulatus and exclude it from much of the intertidal zone through competition for space (Zabin et al. 2007). High densities of C. proteus also reduce densities of the native high intertidal limpet Siphonaria normalis in manipulative experiments (Zabin and Altieri 2007). | |||||
| HI | Hawaii | Ecological Impact | Competition | ||
| The invasion of C. proteus in the Hawaiian Islands has coincided with reductions in abundance of the introduced barnacles Amphibalanus amphitrite and A. reticulatus. In experiments in which settling C. proteus were removed from fouling plates, numbers of settling A. reticulatus increased, but no A. amphitrite occurred on plates. The effect of competition with C. proteus is to compress the vertical distribution of A. reticulatus and exclude it from much of the intertidal zone through competition for space (Zabin et al. 2007). High densities of C. proteus also reduce densities of the native high intertidal limpet Siphonaria normalis in manipulative experiments (Zabin and Altieri 2007). | |||||
Regional Distribution Map
| Bioregion | Region Name | Year | Invasion Status | Population Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAR-III | None | 1970 | Native | Estab |
| CAR-II | None | 0 | Native | Estab |
| CAR-I | Northern Yucatan, Gulf of Mexico, Florida Straits, to Middle Eastern Florida | 0 | Native | Estab |
| SA-III | None | 0 | Native | Estab |
| SA-II | None | 0 | Native | Estab |
| SP-XXI | None | 1993 | Def | Estab |
| SP-XII | None | 1997 | Def | Estab |
| SP-XVI | None | 2001 | Def | Estab |
| CAR-IV | None | 0 | Native | Estab |
| SA-IV | None | 0 | Native | Estab |
| SP-XIII | None | 2007 | Def | Estab |
| PAN_CAR | Panama Caribbean Coast | 1970 | Native | Estab |
Occurrence Map
| OCC_ID | Author | Year | Date | Locality | Status | Latitude | Longitude |
|---|
References
Ashton, G. V.; Davidson, I. C.; Geller, J.; Ruiz, G. M. (2016) Disentangling the biogeography of ship biofouling: barnacles in the Northeast Pacific, Global Ecology and Biogeography 25: 739;750Campbell, Marnie L] ; Hewitt, Chad L.[ Miles, Joel (2016) Marine pests in paradise: capacity building, awareness raising and preliminary introduced species port survey results in the Republic of Palau, Biological Invasions 7(4): 351-363
Dando, P. R.; Southward, A.J. (1980) A new species of Chthamalus (Crustacea: Cirripedia) characterized by enzyme electrophoresis and shell morphology: with a revision of other species of Chthamalus from the Western shores of the Atlantic Ocean., Journal of the Marine Biological Association 60: 787-831
Demopoulos, Amanda W. J.; Smith, Craig R. (2010) Invasive mangroves alter macrofaunal community structure and facilitate opportunistic exotics, Marine Ecology Progress Series 404: 51-67
Farrapeira, Cristiane Maria Rocha (2010) Shallow water Cirripedia of the northeastern coast of Brazil: The impact of life history and invasion on biogeography, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 392: 210-219
Gonzalez, J. A.; Martin, L. Herrera, R.; Gonzalez Lorenzo, G.; Espino. F.; Barquin-Diez, J.; Southward, A.J. (2011) Cirripedia of the Canary Islands: distribution and ecological notes, Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 92: 129-141
Paulay, Gustav; Kirkendale, Lisa; Lambert, Gretchen; Meyer, Chris (2002) Anthropogenic biotic interchange in a coral reef ecosystem: a case study from Guam, Pacific Science 56(2): 403-422
Paulay, Gustav; Ross, Arnold (2003) An annotated checklist of the shallow water Cirripedia of Guam, Micronesica 35-36: 303-314
Southward, A. J. (1975) Intertidal and shallow water Cirripedia of the Caribbean., Studies of the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands 150: 1-153
Southward, A. J., Burton, R. S., Coles, S. L., Dando, P. R., DeFelice, R., Hoover, J., Parnell, P. E., Yamaguchi, T., Newman, W. A. (1998) Invasion of Hawaiian shores by an Atlantic barnacle, Marine Ecology Progress Series 165: 119-126
Zabin, Chela J. (2009) Battle of the barnacle newcomers: niche compression in invading species in Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii, Marine Ecology Progress Series 381: 175-182
Zabin, Chela J. (2015) Patterns of adult abundance vary with recruitment of an invasive barnacle species on Oahu, Hawaii, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 464: 44-51
Zabin, Chela J.; Zardus, John; Pitombo, Fabio Bettini; Fread, Vanessa; Hadfield, Michael G. (2007) A tale of three seas: consistency of natural history traits in a Caribbean-Atlantic barnacle introduced to Hawaii., Biological Invasions 9: 523-544
Zabin, Chela J.; Altieri, Andrew (2007) A Hawaiian limpet facilitates recruitment of a competitively dominant invasive barnacle., Marine Ecologiy Progress Series 337: 175-185
Zabin, Chela; Hadfield, M. G. (2002) Do locals rule? Interactions between native intertidal animals and a Caribbean barnacle in Hawaii., Pacific Science 56(2): 235-236
Zardus, John D.; Hadfield, Michael G. (2005) Multiple origins and incursions of the Atlantic barnacle Chthamalus proteus in the Pacific., Molecular Ecology 14: 3719-3733