Taxonomic GroupNameYearInvasion StatusPopulation StatusVectors
Crustaceans-BarnaclesAmphibalanus improvisus1873DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
NematodesAnguillicola crassus*1985DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
CtenophoresBeroe ovata*2012DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
AlgaeBonnemaisonia hamiferaNoneDefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Cnidarians-HydrozoansCalyptospadix cerulea1950DefiniteEstablishedCanal, Hull Fouling
Cnidarians-HydrozoansCordylophora caspia1872DefiniteEstablishedCanal, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-CrabsEriocheir sinensis1926DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Canal, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
Annelids-PolychaetesFicopomatus enigmaticus1953DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsGammarus tigrinus1976DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Canal, Fisheries Intentional
AlgaeGracilaria vermiculophylla2003DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Canal, Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Crustaceans-AmphipodsGrandidierella japonica2016DefiniteEstablishedNone
Annelids-PolychaetesLaonome cf. calida2018DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Annelids-PolychaetesMarenzelleria viridis2005DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Crustaceans-AmphipodsMelita nitida2010DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Canal, Hull Fouling
CtenophoresMnemiopsis leidyi*2005DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
TunicatesMolgula manhattensis1969DefiniteEstablishedNone
Mollusks-BivalvesMya arenariaNoneDefiniteEstablishedDry Ballast, Fisheries Intentional, Natural Dispersal
Mollusks-BivalvesMytilopsis leucophaeata1928DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Canal, Hull Fouling
FishesNeogobius melanostomus*2010DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Natural Dispersal
Mollusks-BivalvesPetricolaria pholadiformis1943DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Natural Dispersal
Mollusks-GastropodsPotamopyrgus antipodarum1887DefiniteEstablishedDry Ballast, Packing Material
Crustaceans-CrabsRhithropanopeus harrisii1936DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Canal, Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Crustaceans-TanaidsSinelobus cf. stanfordi2016DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Arthropoda-InsectsTelmatogeton japonicus*1962DefiniteEstablishedCargo, Hull Fouling
BryozoansVictorella pavida1969DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
* = Species summary still under review.