Taxonomic GroupNameYearInvasion StatusPopulation StatusVectors
EntoproctsBarentsia benedeni2003DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
AlgaeBonnemaisonia hamifera1940DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesBotrylloides violaceus2003DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-CrabsCarcinus maenas1817DefiniteEstablishedDry Ballast, Hull Fouling
AlgaeCodium fragile ssp. Fragile1957DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Cnidarians-HydrozoansCordylophora caspia2003DefiniteEstablishedAquatic Plant Shipments, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Hull Fouling
Cnidarians-AnthozoansDiadumene lineata2003DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesDidemnum vexillum2009DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
AlgaeDumontia contorta*1936DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
AlgaeGrateloupia turuturu2001DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-CrabsHemigrapsus sanguineus2006DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
Mollusks-GastropodsLittorina littorea1953DefiniteEstablishedDry Ballast, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
TunicatesStyela canopus1983DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesStyela clava1973DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
* = Species summary still under review.