Taxonomic GroupNameYearInvasion StatusPopulation StatusVectors
Crustaceans-BarnaclesAmphibalanus amphitrite1955DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
NematodesAnguillicola crassus*1999DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Natural Dispersal
AlgaeAntithamnion hubbsii*2003DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-BarnaclesBalanus trigonus1977DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-CrabsCharybdis hellerii2006DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Natural Dispersal
AlgaeCodium fragile ssp. Fragile1981DefiniteEstablishedDiscarded Bait, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal, Oyster Accidental
Cnidarians-HydrozoansCordylophora caspia1928DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Cnidarians-AnthozoansDiadumene lineata1929DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
AlgaeGracilaria vermiculophylla2003DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
ProtozoansHaplosporidium nelsoni*1989DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Natural Dispersal, Oyster Accidental
Crustaceans-CrabsHemigrapsus sanguineus2008DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
FishesLepomis microlophus1973DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Intentional
FishesLepomis microlophus1991DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Intentional
Crustaceans-IsopodsLigia exotica1878DefiniteEstablishedCargo, Dry Ballast
AlgaeLomentaria orcadensis*1948DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-BarnaclesLoxothylacus panopaei1974DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Crustaceans-ShrimpMacrobrachium nipponense2014DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Pet Release
Mollusks-GastropodsMyosotella myosotis1996DefiniteEstablishedCargo, Dry Ballast
Crustaceans-ShrimpPenaeus monodon2008DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Natural Dispersal
AlgaePhycocalidia suborbiculata*1947DefiniteEstablishedNone
Cnidarians-ScyphozoansPhyllorhiza punctata2007DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
Crustaceans-CrayfishProcambarus clarkii2003DefiniteEstablishedDiscarded Bait, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Pet Release
FishesPylodictis olivaris2009DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Intentional
Mollusks-BivalvesRangia cuneata1955DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Canal, Oyster Accidental
Crustaceans-AmphipodsStenothoe gallensis species complex1957DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
TunicatesStyela canopus1872DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesStyela plicata1895DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Mollusks-BivalvesTeredo navalis1893DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
* = Species summary still under review.