Invasion
Invasion Description
1st Record: Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Naos Laboratory/Panama/Panama Bay (2007, Miglietta et al. 2008; Miglietta and Lessios 2009, identified by molecular methods)
Geographic Extent
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Naos Laboratory/Panama/Panama Bay (2007, Miglietta et al. 2008; Miglietta and Lessios 2009, identified by molecular methods, one of the more abundant forms)
Vectors
| Level | Vector |
|---|---|
| Alternate | Ballast Water |
| Alternate | Hull Fouling |