Taxonomic GroupNameYearInvasion StatusPopulation StatusVectors
Crustaceans-BarnaclesAmphibalanus improvisus1880DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
NematodesAnguillicola crassus*1985DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
Cnidarians-HydrozoansBlackfordia virginica2014DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
AlgaeBonnemaisonia hamifera1939DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesBranchiomma coheni2016DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-CladoceransCercopagis pengoi*NoneDefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Natural Dispersal
Cnidarians-HydrozoansCordylophora caspia1871DefiniteEstablishedCanal, Hull Fouling
Cnidarians-AnthozoansDiadumene lineata2007DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsEchinogammarus ischnus1965DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-CrabsEriocheir sinensis1928DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
Crustaceans-CopepodsEurytemora carolleeae2013DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Annelids-PolychaetesFicopomatus enigmaticus2020DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsGammarus tigrinus1991DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Canal, Fisheries Intentional
AlgaeGracilaria vermiculophylla2006DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal, Oyster Accidental
Crustaceans-AmphipodsGrandidierella japonicaNoneDefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-MysidsHemimysis anomala*2017DefiniteEstablishedNone
FishesLepomis gibbosus1983DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Intentional, Pet Release
Annelids-PolychaetesMarenzelleria neglecta1985DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Annelids-PolychaetesMarenzelleria viridis1985DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Crustaceans-AmphipodsMelita nitida2014DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
CtenophoresMnemiopsis leidyi*2007DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Natural Dispersal
Mollusks-BivalvesMya arenariaNoneDefiniteEstablishedDry Ballast, Fisheries Intentional, Natural Dispersal
Crustaceans-CopepodsMytilicola orientalis2018DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
Mollusks-BivalvesMytilopsis leucophaeata2000DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
FishesNeogobius melanostomus*1998DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Natural Dispersal
Crustaceans-CumaceansNippoleucon hinumensis2019DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-ShrimpPalaemon elegans2002DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Mollusks-GastropodsPotamopyrgus antipodarum1897DefiniteEstablishedCargo, Dry Ballast
PlatyhelminthesPseudodactylogyrus anguillae*1986DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
Mollusks-BivalvesRangia cuneata2016DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-CrabsRhithropanopeus harrisii1953DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
Arthropoda-InsectsTelmatogeton japonicus*1986DefiniteEstablishedCargo, Hull Fouling
BryozoansVictorella pavida1880DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
* = Species summary still under review.