Taxonomic GroupNameYearInvasion StatusPopulation StatusVectors
Crustaceans-BarnaclesAmphibalanus reticulatus1956DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Arthropoda-InsectsAnisolabis maritima1917DefiniteEstablishedCargo, Dry Ballast
BryozoansArbopercula bengalensis2007DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
TunicatesAscidia archaia*1983DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesAscidia sydneiensis1882DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-BarnaclesBalanus trigonus1877DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesBoccardiella ligerica1978DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Cnidarians-AnthozoansCarijoa riisei1860DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
AlgaeCaulerpa brachypus1995DefiniteEstablishedAquatic Plant Shipments, Ballast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-CrabsCharybdis hellerii2017DefiniteEstablishedNatural Dispersal
Arthropoda-InsectsClasiopella uncinata*1965DefiniteEstablishedCargo
AlgaeCodium simulans*1989DefiniteEstablishedDry Ballast
TunicatesDidemnum perlucidum1980DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesDidemnum psammatodes1981DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesDiplosoma aff. spongiforme2007DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
AlgaeDurusdinium trenchii*2005DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Pet Release
AlgaeHalimeda opuntia1899DefiniteEstablishedNone
BryozoansHippopodina tahitiensis1909DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Mollusks-BivalvesHyotissa hyotis2012DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-OstracodsKotoracythere inconspicua*1972DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Dry Ballast, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-IsopodsLigia exotica1895DefiniteEstablishedCargo, Dry Ballast
Crustaceans-IsopodsLimnoria pfefferi1966DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-ShrimpMacrobrachium rosenbergii1991DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
BryozoansMembraniporopsis tubigerum1940DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Mollusks-BivalvesMercenaria mercenaria1985DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Fisheries Intentional
AlgaeMonosporus indicus*1985DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Annelids-LeechesMyzobdella lugubris1968DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
EchinodermsOphiactis savignyi Lineage B2002DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
EchinodermsOphiothela mirabilis2011DefiniteEstablishedNone
FishesOreochromis mossambicus1955DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Intentional
Crustaceans-IsopodsParadella dianae1966DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Cnidarians-ScyphozoansPhyllorhiza punctata1971DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
FishesPoecilia latipinna2007DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesPolyandrocarpa zorritensis2019DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
FishesPterois volitans2008DefiniteEstablishedNatural Dispersal
Crustaceans-IsopodsSphaeroma walkeri1943DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesSpirobranchus minutus1978DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsStenothoe gallensis species complex1915DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
TunicatesStyela canopus1921DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesStyela plicata1884DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesTimarete punctata sp. A1845DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Cnidarians-AnthozoansTubastraea coccinea1953DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
* = Species summary still under review.