Taxonomic GroupNameYearInvasion StatusPopulation StatusVectors
FishesAcanthogobius flavimanus1992DefiniteEstablishedDiscarded Bait, Natural Dispersal
BryozoansAmathia dichotoma*2013DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
BryozoansAmathia verticillata1963DefiniteEstablishedNone
Annelids-PolychaetesAmblyosyllis nigrolineata2000DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Crustaceans-BarnaclesAmphibalanus amphitrite1977DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Crustaceans-AmphipodsAmpithoe valida2001DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Discarded Bait
Crustaceans-AmphipodsAoroides secunda1998DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
TunicatesAplidium accarense*2018DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Mollusks-BivalvesArcuatula senhousia1965DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
TunicatesAscidia cf. virginea*2019DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesAscidia zara1995DefiniteEstablishedNone
EntoproctsBarentsia benedeni2011DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesBotrylloides diegensis2011DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesBotrylloides giganteus1998DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesBotrylloides violaceus1994DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesBotryllus schlosseri1994DefiniteEstablishedNone
BryozoansBugula neritina1977DefiniteEstablishedNone
Cnidarians-AnthozoansBunodeopsis sp. A1995DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Natural Dispersal
Crustaceans-AmphipodsCaprella mutica2011DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsCaprella simia2011DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
SpongesChalinula loosanoffi*2001DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesCiona robusta1964DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesCiona savignyi1994DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
BryozoansCryptosula pallasiana2000DefiniteEstablishedNone
Cnidarians-AnthozoansDiadumene franciscana1977DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Cnidarians-AnthozoansDiadumene lineata1996DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesDidemnum vexillum2007DefiniteEstablishedNone
Annelids-PolychaetesDiplocirrus SD11998DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
TunicatesDiplosoma listerianum1994DefiniteEstablishedNone
Cnidarians-HydrozoansEctopleura crocea1896DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
AlgaeGracilaria vermiculophylla2017DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-AmphipodsGrandidierella japonica1998DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
AlgaeGrateloupia turuturu2011DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
SpongesHalichondria bowerbanki*2001DefiniteEstablishedNone
Annelids-PolychaetesHeteromastus filiformis species complex2011DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
SpongesHymeniacidon perlevis*1966DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
FishesLepomis cyanellus1973DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Intentional
FishesLepomis macrochirus1973DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Intentional
Crustaceans-AmphipodsLeucothoe nagatai2011DefiniteEstablishedHabitat Restoration
Crustaceans-IsopodsLimnoria tripunctata1948DefiniteEstablishedNone
Mollusks-BivalvesMagallana gigas2005DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Oyster Intentional
Annelids-PolychaetesMegasyllis nipponica2000DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Crustaceans-AmphipodsMelita rylovae2011DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
TunicatesMicrocosmus squamiger1994DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesMolgula ficus1995DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-AmphipodsMonocorophium acherusicum2011DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-AmphipodsMonocorophium insidiosum2011DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesMyrianida pachycera2013DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesMyrianida pentadentata2013DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Mollusks-BivalvesMytilus galloprovincialis2000DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Annelids-PolychaetesNeodexiospira brasiliensis2011DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesNicolea sp. A. Harris2000DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Crustaceans-ShrimpPalaemon macrodactylus2001DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Discarded Bait
Crustaceans-AmphipodsParadexamine sp. SD11998DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Crustaceans-IsopodsParanthura japonica2000DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Annelids-PolychaetesParasabella fullo2011DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesPerophora japonica2019DefiniteEstablishedNone
Mollusks-GastropodsPhiline auriformis2004DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Natural Dispersal
Cnidarians-ScyphozoansPhyllorhiza punctata1981DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
TunicatesPolyandrocarpa zorritensis1994DefiniteEstablishedNone
Annelids-PolychaetesPolydora cornuta1938DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-CopepodsPseudodiaptomus marinus1986DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
Annelids-PolychaetesPseudopolydora paucibranchiata1996DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
ProtozoansRhizodomus tagatzi*2004DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Mollusks-BivalvesRuditapes philippinarum2012DefiniteEstablishedBiocontrol, Discarded Bait, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
AlgaeSargassum horneri2012DefiniteEstablishedNone
AlgaeSargassum muticum1959DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Natural Dispersal
Crustaceans-AmphipodsStenothoe valida2011DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
Annelids-PolychaetesStreblospio benedicti1982DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
TunicatesStyela canopus1996DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesStyela clava1971DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesStyela plicata1966DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesSymplegma reptans1997DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Mollusks-BivalvesTheora lubrica1978DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
ProtozoansTrochammina hadai*1998DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Unknown Vector
Annelids-OligochaetesTubificoides brownae*1996DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Dry Ballast
AlgaeUlva australis1999DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
AlgaeUndaria pinnatifida2014DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
BryozoansWatersipora arcuata2003DefiniteEstablishedNone
BryozoansWatersipora subatra*2000DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
BryozoansWatersipora subtorquata2000DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
BryozoansWatersipora subtorquata1989DefiniteEstablishedNone
* = Species summary still under review.