Taxonomic GroupNameYearInvasion StatusPopulation StatusVectors
Crustaceans-BarnaclesAmphibalanus amphitrite1948DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-BarnaclesAmphibalanus improvisus1854DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
NematodesAnguillicola crassus*2004DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Natural Dispersal
AlgaeAntithamnionella spirographidis*1922DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Mollusks-BivalvesArcuatula senhousia2017DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
AlgaeAsparagopsis armata*1939DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-BarnaclesAustrominius modestus1957DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
ProtozoansBonamia ostreae*1987DefiniteEstablishedOyster Accidental
AlgaeBonnemaisonia hamifera1893DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
TunicatesBotrylloides diegensis2004DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesBotrylloides violaceus2005DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
BryozoansBugula neritina1911DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
BryozoansBugulina simplex2004DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
BryozoansBugulina stoloniferaNoneDefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsCaprella mutica2000DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Hull Fouling
AlgaeCaulacanthus okamurae2014DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
NemerteansCephalothrix cf. simula*2018DefiniteEstablishedOyster Accidental
SpongesChalinula loosanoffi*1980DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
TunicatesCiona robusta2003DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
AlgaeCodium fragile ssp. Fragile1845DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
AlgaeColpomenia peregrina*1907DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Cnidarians-HydrozoansCordylophora caspia1994DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
Mollusks-GastropodsCrepidula fornicata1944DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Natural Dispersal, Oyster Accidental
AlgaeDasysiphonia japonica2002DefiniteEstablishedOyster Accidental
Cnidarians-AnthozoansDiadumene lineata1896DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
TunicatesDidemnum vexillum2007DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Crustaceans-CrabsEriocheir sinensis2004DefiniteEstablishedCanal
Crustaceans-CopepodsEurytemora carolleeae1931DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Crustaceans-OstracodsEusarsiella zostericola2012DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Oyster Accidental
Annelids-PolychaetesFicopomatus enigmaticus1939DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
AlgaeGracilaria vermiculophylla2014DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Natural Dispersal, Oyster Accidental
AlgaeGrateloupia turuturu2004DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
ProtozoansHaplosporidium nelsoni*2006DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-IsopodsIaniropsis serricaudis2015DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-IsopodsLimnoria quadripunctata1930DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
AlgaeLomentaria hakodatensis*2015DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
Mollusks-BivalvesMagallana gigas1989DefiniteEstablishedOyster Intentional
Mollusks-BivalvesMya arenaria1700DefiniteEstablishedDry Ballast, Fisheries Intentional, Natural Dispersal
Crustaceans-CopepodsMytilicola orientalis1993DefiniteEstablishedOyster Accidental
Mollusks-BivalvesMytilopsis leucophaeata1996DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
TunicatesPerophora japonica1999DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Annelids-PolychaetesPolydora hopluraNoneDefiniteEstablishedNone
Mollusks-GastropodsPotamopyrgus antipodarumNoneDefiniteEstablishedAquatic Plant Shipments, Canal, Cargo, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
Arthropoda-InsectsProkelisia marginata*2011DefiniteEstablishedCargo, Natural Dispersal
PlatyhelminthesPseudodactylogyrus anguillae*1988DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
Mollusks-BivalvesRuditapes philippinarum1984DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Intentional
AlgaeSargassum muticum1976DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
BryozoansSchizoporella japonica2012DefiniteEstablishedNone
Annelids-PolychaetesStreblospio benedicti1957DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
TunicatesStyela canopus1868DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesStyela clava1953DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Arthropoda-InsectsTelmatogeton japonicus*1999DefiniteEstablishedCargo, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
BryozoansTricellaria inopinata2004DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
AlgaeUndaria pinnatifida2004DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
BryozoansVictorella pavida1983DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
BryozoansWatersipora subatra*2008DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
* = Species summary still under review.