Taxonomic Group	Name	Year	Invasion Status	Population Status	Vectors
Crustaceans-Barnacles	Amphibalanus amphitrite	1914	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-Barnacles	Amphibalanus eburneus	1940	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-Barnacles	Amphibalanus improvisus	1872	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Crustaceans-Amphipods	Ampithoe valida	2015	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Hull Fouling
Nematodes	Anguillicola crassus*	2001	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Natural Dispersal
Algae	Antithamnion hubbsii*	2017	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Hull Fouling
Algae	Antithamnionella spirographidis*	1910	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling
Algae	Asparagopsis armata*	1954	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Hull Fouling
Cnidarians-Scyphozoans	Aurelia coerulea	2003	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Crustaceans-Barnacles	Austrominius modestus	1953	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
Cnidarians-Hydrozoans	Blackfordia virginica	1967	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Hull Fouling
Protozoans	Bonamia ostreae*	1979	Definite	Established	Oyster Accidental
Algae	Bonnemaisonia hamifera	1905	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Hull Fouling
Tunicates	Botrylloides diegensis	2004	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Tunicates	Botrylloides violaceus	2005	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Bryozoans	Bugula neritina	2005	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Bryozoans	Bugulina simplex	2002	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-Amphipods	Caprella mutica	2018	Definite	Established	Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
Algae	Caulacanthus okamurae	1988	Definite	Established	Oyster Accidental
Tunicates	Ciona robusta	None	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling
Algae	Codium fragile ssp. Fragile	1946	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Algae	Colpomenia peregrina*	1905	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Cnidarians-Hydrozoans	Cordylophora caspia	1901	Definite	Established	Aquatic Plant Shipments, Hull Fouling
Mollusks-Gastropods	Crepidula fornicata	1949	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Algae	Dasysiphonia japonica	2008	Definite	Established	Oyster Accidental
Cnidarians-Anthozoans	Diadumene lineata	1900	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Tunicates	Didemnum vexillum	2002	Definite	Established	Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Cnidarians-Hydrozoans	Ectopleura crocea	1910	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-Crabs	Eriocheir sinensis	1954	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Canal, Natural Dispersal
Annelids-Polychaetes	Ficopomatus enigmaticus	1922	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-Amphipods	Gammarus tigrinus	2005	Definite	Established	Canal
Cnidarians-Hydrozoans	Gonionemus vertens	1929	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Algae	Gracilaria vermiculophylla	1996	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Algae	Gracilariopsis chorda*	2010	Definite	Established	Oyster Accidental
Crustaceans-Amphipods	Grandidierella japonica	2010	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Algae	Grateloupia turuturu	1988	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Mollusks-Gastropods	Haloa japonica	2003	Definite	Established	Oyster Accidental
Protozoans	Haplosporidium nelsoni*	1993	Definite	Established	Oyster Accidental
Crustaceans-Crabs	Hemigrapsus sanguineus	2008	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
Annelids-Polychaetes	Hydroides dianthus	None	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Bryozoans	Juxtacribrilina mutabilis	2019	Definite	Established	None
Platyhelminthes	Koinostylochus ostreophagus*	1975	Definite	Established	Oyster Accidental
Crustaceans-Isopods	Limnoria quadripunctata	1959	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling
Algae	Lomentaria hakodatensis*	1984	Definite	Established	Oyster Accidental
Mollusks-Bivalves	Magallana gigas	1966	Definite	Established	Oyster Intentional
Mollusks-Bivalves	Mercenaria mercenaria	1910	Definite	Established	Fisheries Intentional
Ctenophores	Mnemiopsis leidyi*	2019	Definite	Established	None
Tunicates	Molgula manhattensis	1845	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling
Mollusks-Bivalves	Mya arenaria	1600	Definite	Established	Dry Ballast, Fisheries Intentional, Natural Dispersal
Crustaceans-Copepods	Mytilicola orientalis	1993	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Annelids-Polychaetes	Neodexiospira brasiliensis	1980	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling
Mollusks-Gastropods	Ocinebrellus inornatus	1995	Definite	Established	Oyster Accidental
Algae	Pachymeniopsis lanceolata*	2008	Definite	Established	None
Crustaceans-Shrimp	Palaemon macrodactylus	2007	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Natural Dispersal
Tunicates	Perophora japonica	1982	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling
Annelids-Polychaetes	Polydora hoplura	None	Definite	Established	None
Annelids-Polychaetes	Polydora onagawaensis*	2018	Definite	Established	Oyster Accidental
Mollusks-Gastropods	Potamopyrgus antipodarum	None	Definite	Established	Aquatic Plant Shipments, Dry Ballast, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
Platyhelminthes	Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae*	1984	Definite	Established	Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster)
Mollusks-Gastropods	Rapana venosa	1992	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Fisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Oyster Accidental
Crustaceans-Crabs	Rhithropanopeus harrisii	1971	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Mollusks-Bivalves	Ruditapes philippinarum	1974	Definite	Established	Fisheries Intentional
Algae	Sargassum muticum	1978	Definite	Established	Oyster Accidental
Annelids-Polychaetes	Streblospio benedicti	1968	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Tunicates	Styela canopus	1868	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling
Tunicates	Styela clava	1971	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Bryozoans	Tricellaria inopinata	2010	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Algae	Ulva australis	1994	Definite	Established	Ballast Water, Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental
Algae	Undaria pinnatifida	1983	Definite	Established	Fisheries Intentional
Bryozoans	Victorella pavida	1962	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling
Bryozoans	Watersipora subatra*	2005	Definite	Established	Hull Fouling, Oyster Accidental

* = Species summary still under review.

nea-iv (None) Summary