Taxonomic GroupNameYearInvasion StatusPopulation StatusVectors
FishesAcanthogobius flavimanus1978DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Natural Dispersal
Annelids-PolychaetesAlitta succinea1972DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
BryozoansAmathia verticillata1959DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-BarnaclesAmphibalanus amphitrite1956DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Crustaceans-AmphipodsAmpithoe valida1942DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Discarded Bait
Crustaceans-AmphipodsAoroides secunda2011DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesAplidium accarense*2019DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Mollusks-BivalvesArcuatula senhousia1977DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
TunicatesAscidia zara1997DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesAscidiella aspersa2019DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesAscidiella aspersa2021DefiniteEstablishedNone
Cnidarians-ScyphozoansAurelia coerulea2001DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
TunicatesBotrylloides diegensis1945DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesBotrylloides violaceus1997DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesBotryllus schlosseri1997DefiniteEstablishedNone
Annelids-PolychaetesBranchiomma SF1*2017DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
BryozoansBugula neritina1939DefiniteEstablishedNone
BryozoansBugulina stolonifera1950DefiniteEstablishedNone
Cnidarians-HydrozoansCalyptospadix cerulea2011DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsCaprella mutica2017DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsCaprella scaura2011DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsCaprella simia2011DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
AlgaeCaulacanthus okamurae2010DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
SpongesChalinula loosanoffi*2001DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesCiona robusta1939DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
TunicatesCiona savignyi1994DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
ProtozoansConidophrys pilisuctor*1948DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
ProtozoansCothurnia limnoriae*1951DefiniteEstablishedNone
BryozoansCryptosula pallasiana1944DefiniteEstablishedNone
Cnidarians-AnthozoansDiadumene leucolena1972DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Cnidarians-AnthozoansDiadumene lineata1956DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesDiplosoma listerianum1936DefiniteEstablishedNone
Cnidarians-HydrozoansEctopleura crocea1938DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-AmphipodsEochelidium sp. A1998DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Annelids-PolychaetesFicopomatus enigmaticus2011DefiniteEstablishedNone
FishesGambusia affinis1978DefiniteEstablishedNone
Mollusks-BivalvesGeukensia demissa1955DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Crustaceans-AmphipodsGrandidierella japonica1979DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
SpongesHymeniacidon perlevis*1914DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-IsopodsIais californica1957DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Crustaceans-AmphipodsIncisocalliope derzhavini2011DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsLeucothoe nagatai1979DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-IsopodsLimnoria tripunctata1947DefiniteEstablishedNone
ProtozoansLobochona prorates*1963DefiniteEstablishedNone
Mollusks-BivalvesLyrodus pedicellatus1972DefiniteEstablishedNone
Mollusks-BivalvesMagallana gigas1932DefiniteEstablishedOyster Intentional
Annelids-PolychaetesMegasyllis nipponica2001DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
TunicatesMicrocosmus squamiger1994DefiniteEstablishedNone
ProtozoansMirofolliculina limnoriae*1948DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesMolgula ficus1996DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesMolgula manhattensis1984DefiniteEstablishedNone
Crustaceans-AmphipodsMonocorophium acherusicum1947DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Crustaceans-AmphipodsMonocorophium insidiosum1951DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Crustaceans-AmphipodsMonocorophium uenoi1946DefiniteEstablishedOyster Accidental
Mollusks-GastropodsMyosotella myosotis1925DefiniteEstablishedCargo, Dry Ballast
Annelids-PolychaetesMyrianida pachycera2017DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesMyrianida pentadentata2017DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Mollusks-BivalvesMytilus galloprovincialis1990DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Annelids-PolychaetesNeoamphitrite sp. A2017DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesNeodexiospira brasiliensis2011DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Crustaceans-CopepodsOithona davisae2015DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
AlgaePachymeniopsis lanceolata*2014DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-AmphipodsParadexamine sp. SD11998DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Crustaceans-IsopodsParanthura japonica2017DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesParasabella fullo2011DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Mollusks-GastropodsPhiline auriformis1998DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Natural Dispersal
TunicatesPolyandrocarpa zorritensis2017DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
Annelids-PolychaetesPolydora cornuta1994DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Crustaceans-CopepodsPseudodiaptomus marinus2015DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Natural Dispersal
Annelids-PolychaetesPseudopolydora paucibranchiata1961DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Mollusks-BivalvesRuditapes philippinarum1998DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Fisheries Intentional
AlgaeSargassum horneri2010DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
AlgaeSargassum muticum2011DefiniteEstablishedFisheries Accidental (not Oyster), Hull Fouling, Natural Dispersal
Crustaceans-IsopodsSphaeroma quoianum1957DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Crustaceans-AmphipodsStenothoe valida1951DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
Crustaceans-CopepodsStephos robustus*2018DefiniteEstablishedNone
Annelids-PolychaetesStreblospio benedicti1951DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
TunicatesStyela canopus1997DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesStyela clava1933DefiniteEstablishedNone
TunicatesStyela plicata1966DefiniteEstablishedNone
Mollusks-BivalvesTheora lubrica1971DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water
ProtozoansTrochammina hadai*1998DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Unknown Vector
Annelids-OligochaetesTubificoides brownae*1994DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Dry Ballast
Cnidarians-HydrozoansTurritopsis dohrnii2010DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
AlgaeUlva australis1999DefiniteEstablishedBallast Water, Hull Fouling
Mollusks-GastropodsUrosalpinx cinerea1957DefiniteEstablishedDiscarded Bait
BryozoansWatersipora arcuata2001DefiniteEstablishedNone
BryozoansWatersipora subatra*2017DefiniteEstablishedHull Fouling
BryozoansWatersipora subtorquata2001DefiniteEstablishedNone
* = Species summary still under review.